Osteoporosis

The bones are important components which leverage and provide support to the human body. They are composed of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Bones generally hold 99 percent of the body’s calcium.

Osteoporosis [or] porous bone is characterized by low bone mass & structural deterioration of bone tissue which leads to bone fragility & increased susceptibility to fracture of the hip, spine, and wrist.

Two essential cells are involved in the daily turnover of the bone

·  Osteoblast cells and

·  Osteoclast cells

Over activity of the osteoclast cells leads to osteoporosis

There are two types of osteoporosis, primary & secondary osteoporosis.

Primary osteoporosis is in turn divided into,

·  Type I and

·  Type II

Symptoms of osteoporosis are

·  Swelling and joint pain,

·  Fracture

·  Disfigurement and debilitation and

·  Kyphosis

Osteoporosis can be diagnosed by:

·  Bone Densitometry

·  Ultrasound. and by

·  Quantitative Computed Tomography

·  Osteoporosis can be treated by changes in lifestyle like quitting smoking, regular exercise, a balanced diet, and by taking medications such as estrogen replacement therapy , biphosponates (Alendronate and risedronate ), or synthetic calcitonin or parathyroid hormone supplements.